The Attributes of Allah In Simple Terms

[Lets-Unite]

Bismillah,

Allah has attributes of perfection. Allah is clear from any imperfection. Imperfection attributes that do not befit Allah are such as: weakness, needness of others, change, place, develompment, body, soul, attributes of creations or the like. Allah is clear from all of that.

The scholars of Islam asserted from the Qur'an and Hadith that there are certain attributes that every accountable person must know.

The explanation of these attributes is as follows:


Allah is attributed with:
Existence: It is obligatory to believe that Allah exists and that there is no doubt in His Existence.He exists without a place.Time does not lapse on Allah.

Oneness: Allah is One without any partners.He is One in His Self, His Attributes, and His Actions.

Eternity: Allah is Eternal; there is no beginning to His Existence.He has existed since before the creation.

Everlastingness: Allah is Everlasting; His existence does not come to an end.He does not perish.

Non-neediness of others: Allah does not need any of His creations and they are all in need of Him.

Power: Allah has Power over everything.

Will: Everything that occurs in this world is by the Will of Allah.

Knowledge: Allah knows about all things before they occur.

Hearing: Allah hears all what is hearable, without an ear or any other organ.

Sight: Allah sees all what is seeable, without a pupil or any other organ.

Life: Allah is alive without a soul, skin, or heart.His Life is not similar to ours.He is alive and does not die.

Speech: Allah's Speech (Kalam) is without a tongue or lip.His Speech is not in a language, Arabic or anything else.His Speech does not resemble the speech of the humans.

Non-resemblance to the creations: Allah does not resemble the creations.


Let us add more details to that.

Allah, the Exalted, said in the ayah what means: For those blasphemers who do not believe in Allah and His Messenger, We have prepared Hellfire .

It is obligatory to believe in Allah and to know what is permissible to attribute to Him, what is necessary to be of His attributes, and what is impossible to be of His attributes. Also, it is obligatory to believe in the Messenger and to know what is befitting for him, what is permissible for him and the other prophets, what is necessary to be of their attributes, and what is impossible to be among their attributes.

It is obligatory to declare these beliefs by the tongue by uttering The Testification of Faith (Two Shahadahs): which means: I know, believe and profess no one is God except Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.

The one who does not believe in Allah and His Messenger is a blasphemer and shall enter Hell eternally. Before proceeding with this treatise let it be known that the judgments of the mind are three kinds:

The intellectual necessity: This refers to what the mind does not conceive its non-existence, i.e., non-existence does not apply to its self. Allah is the One Whose Existence is necessary, because the mind does not accept His non-existence, i.e., non-existence does not apply to the Self of Allah.



The intellectual impossibility: This refers to what the mind does not conceive its existence, i.e., that to which existence does not apply. The existence of a partner with Allah is an intellectual impossibility, because existence does not apply to it, i.e., the mind does not conceive its existence.


The intellectual possibility: This refers to what the mind conceives its existence at one time and its non-existence at another time. This universe and its contents--among what we can see and what we cannot see--is an intellectual possibility. It is so because the mind conceives its existence after a state of non-existence. This is the state of the entire universe. For example, Allah made the human being exist after having been non-existent, and then this human being shall be annihilated (Annihilation of humans is by complete death, which is defined as the soul completely departing the body. The souls do not annihilate and some bodies do not decay in the soil.) This is why the human being's existence is among the intellectual possibilities.

Allah, ta^ala, said which means: Allah has attributes that do not resemble the attributes of others .

It is obligatory to believe the attributes of Allah are confirmed to Him. He who negates them is called an atheist. Hence, the one who does not believe in the Existence of Allah, i.e., the one who negates Allah's attribute of Existence is called an atheist.

The attributes of Allah that are obligatory to believe in are confirmed to Him. They are not the Self of Allah nor other than the Self of Allah. Rather, we say they are attributes with which Allah is attributed and they are religiously and intellectually obligatory for Him. Imam an-Nasafiyy said: "His attributes are not Him nor other than Him."

The attributes of Allah that every pubescent and sane Muslim is obliged to know are called the attributes of the Self of Allah and Allah is not attributed with their opposites. They are thirteen attributes; the scholars established by consensus he who is ignorant of them is a committer of an enormous sin (fasiq).


Allah knows best.